FUNCTIONALITY OF SYMBOLIC EXPRESSION AS A POLITICAL TOOL MYSTERIOUS LANGUAGE IN THE SECTS OF BATINIYA

Abstract

Language is one of the most crucial devices enabling the communication. The functionality of the language in configuration of societies, socialisation of humans and the role in designation have always been highlighted from the beginning of the discriptions on Human-beings, in the phrase of "animal that can speak" (hayvan-i natik). Languages have always been the most important tool in the formation of the societies and all communities or different groups in the community have developed their language. With this regard, eventually, there sometimes exist languages enabling communications between narrow groups within public. We can classify them into two: the first is the using of a language by a certain group and beign understood by himself only. Having based on Zahir -Batin (explicit-implicit) systematic classification, the second, on the contrary of objective language and expression, is a believing that there exist a secret meaning beyond a word and phenomenon. The most typical example of this is the attitude of a trend known as Batiniyya in the history of Islamic sects and had deep effects in the cultural and political life of the Islamic community. Batiniyya is a movement that has certain political aims and has functionalised religious text for the sake of these political ambitions and thus they developed takiyya as a social behaviour. Therefore, the problem is how the symbolic expression can be functionalised in enabling the political and intellectual aim.