Modified Harmony Search Algorithm-Based Optimization for Eco-Friendly Reinforced Concrete Frames

Abstract

Cost and CO2 are two factors in the optimum design of structures. This study proposes a modified harmony search methodology for optimization of reinforced concrete beams with minimum CO2 emissions. The optimum design was developed in detail by considering all possible combinations of variable loads, including dynamic force resulting from earthquake motion. Moreover, time-history analyses were performed, and requirements of the ACI-318 building code were considered in the reinforced concrete design. The results show that the optimum design based on CO2 emission minimization is greatly different from the optimum cost design results. According to these results, using recycled members provides a sustainable design.