Phenolic Profile, Fatty Acid and Essential Oil Composition Analysis and Antioxidant, Antialzheimer and Antibacterial Activities of Verbascum flavidum Extracts

Abstract

This paper is the first report about phytochemical analysis with LC-MS/MS and biological activities of Verbascum flavidum (Boiss.) Freyn & Bornm. Rutin (1077.09 +/- 77.47 mu g analyte/g extract) and chlorogenic acid (1012.42 +/- 97.18 mu g analyte/g extract) were determined as the most abundant phenolics in V. flavidum. The main components of fatty acid were found to be palmitic (30.3%) and oleic acids (17.9%); while the major essential oils were determined as arachidic acid (16.4%) and alpha-selinene (8.9%) by GC-MS analysis. In DPPH free radical scavenging activity the methanol extract showed higher activity than BHT with 72.62% inhibition at 100 mu g/mL concentration. The methanol and water extracts of V. flavidum showed 86.01 and 87.39 % inhibition in ABTS cation radical scavenging assay at 100 mu g/mL concentration, respectively. The methanol extract showed moderate activity against E. coli with 250 +/- 0.3 MIC value and with 15 mm inhibition zone diameter at 30 mg/mL concentration.