In-vitro evaluation of aflatoxin-B1 and fumonisin-B1 cellular stress effects on SH-SY5Y cell line

Abstract

Mycotoxins, which are produced from fungi, have harmful effects on human and animals. It has been reported in several in vivo and in vitro studies that mycotoxins caused disorders on digestive, urinary, immune, reproduction and nervous systems, however detailed molecular mechanism of toxicity needed to clarify. Mycotoxins could have potential to inducing neurotoxicity. In this study we aimed to evaluate mycotoxin aflatoxin B1(AFB1) and Fumonisin B1’s (FB1) effects on cellular stress conditions and endoplasmic reticulum stress molecules gene expressions. Cell survival analysis was conducted by MTT assay. Total-ROS analysis was performed via DC-FDA analysis with fluorescent microplate reader. IRE1 alpha and Gadd 153 which are endoplasmic reticulum stress molecules gene expressions were evaluated by quantitative (real‑time) polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). According to MTT results both AFB1 and FB1 were shown 90% cell survival at 12,5-100μM concentrations range for 24h in SH-SY5Y cell line. Both 100 and 50 μM concentrations of AFB1 and FB1 were significantly induced ROS formation in SH-SY5Y cells (p<0.05). Gadd153 and IRE1-α, gene expressions were not increased with AFB1 and FB1 exposure for 24h. Further detailed studies that include molecular pathways of cellular damage with longer exposure time needed to clarify mycotoxins neurodegenerative effects.