Comparison of chemical and biological properties of in vivo and in vitro samples of Salvia siirtica Kahraman, Celep & Dogan extracts prepared with different solvents

Abstract

© 2021The use of Salvia species among the public and their importance in the scientific world increase due to their numerous pharmacological and biological activities on a daily basis. In this study, the phytochemical contents of different parts (root, branch, leaf, flower, whole) of different specimens of Salvia siirtica (SS) (in vivo and in vitro) extracts prepared with various solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol) were determined using different techniques (GC-MS and LC-MS/MS) and the results were compared. In addition, biological activities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticholinesterase antiurease, antityrosinase, antielastase and anticollagenase) of all samples were determined and compared. The antioxidant potential of the analysed samples was found to be high, and their enzyme activity potential was low. Besides, in vitro SS-TIS (Temporary Immersion System) sample showed high cytotoxic activity (viability% 2.12 ± 0.06) against MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell line. The results of GC-MS and LC-MS/MS analyses indicated that ferruginol and sugiol could be isolated from the ethanol extract of S. siirtica roots, salvigenin and β-sitosterol from the chloroform extract of the aerial parts, and phenolic compounds from the ethanol extract of the aerial parts. In addition, the amount of rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and 12-demethylmulticauline of in vitro samples were found to be higher than those of in vivo samples. Furthermore, all samples, both in vivo and in vitro, contained high levels of rosmarinic acid and β-sitosterol. The whole chloroform extract (SSWC) could be the source extract for salvigenin (33952.13 µg/g) and β-sitosterol (16369.71 µg/g), and the root ethanol extract (SSRE) for ferruginol (17721.99 µg/g). As a result, it is understood that the nature of the plant material, the choice of an appropriate solvent and the parts of the material used are quite effective in chemical content. S. siirtica promise potential natural antioxidant agent in food and/or pharmaceutical industry due to its phytochemical content (rosmarinic and caffeic acids, ferruginol, salvigenin) and antioxidant activity.