Renal cholesterol crystal embolism (also called renal atheroembolism) is a cause of acute kidney injury with increasing frequency. It is usually seen in patients older than 60 years of age with diffuse atherosclerotic ...

Aim: The most important cause of death in end-stage renal disease is cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is one of the most important steps in the pathogenesis of CVD. Apelin is a peptide recently ...