General outlook of world main energy resources and numerical approach for prediction of SO2 emission value

Abstract

It is stated in the report of the World Energy Committee that coal will be the first energy source in the year of 2000 because of reserve capacity and widespread existence of the coal geographic region. Solid fuels especially are increasingly dominated inputs for primary electricity generation (54% total input in 1980, and increasing to 66% in 1997) and in a few key industrial sectors, such as steel, cement and chemical. However, since 1990, coal consumption in the European Union was declining due to the restructuring coal industry. It was the only part of the world, except for the "CIS and Central - Eastern Europe" for other reasons ( economical and political reforms), in which the trend was observed. These scientific evidences and observations indicated that coal would be the most favored energy source of the next century in spite of decreasing economic petroleum reserves. Besides of this, according to environmental problems, the technologies of coal preparing, washing, and combustion for obtaining appropriate methods and limits progressed fast. Based on these aspects, to provide numerical information on fundamental SO2 value, two different equations are derived and showed in nomogram based on coal technological parameters ( according to coal [ hard and brown coal] consumption [ C, tons] lower heat value [LHV, GJ/tons], moisture content [N, %], sulphur content [ S, %] and sulphur content in ash [K-s, %]). These equations and nomograms contain data of 17 different Central and Eastern Western countries of Europe from 1997. It is obvious that large coal consumer's countries are also large amount SO2 value producer countries. For instance, CIS (8.85 x 10(6) ton), Ukraine (4.26 x 10(6) ton), Poland (3.11 x 10(6) ton), Germany (2.36 x 10(6) ton), and Czechoslovakia (2.27 x 10(6) ton.).