Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes in Istanbul, Turkey

Abstract

Purpose: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) has seven main genotypes and multiple subtypes. The distribution of HCV genotypes varies across geographical regions worldwide. Updated estimates of HCV genotype distributions have a critical importance for developing strategies to manage or eliminate HCV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of HCV genotypes in patients with HCV admitted to a university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 412 HCV RNA positive patients with 46.6% of males and 53.4% of females between January 2013 and September 2016 were included in the study. Genotyping of HCV of the study population was performed by a commercial reverse hybridisation line probe-based assay. Results: Genotype 1 (82.5%) was dominant genotype, followed by genotype 3 (10.7%), genotype 2 (4.6%) and genotype 4 (2.2%). Among patients with genotype 1, subtype la, lb and undetermined subtype were 6.3%, 38.8% and 37.4%, respectively. It was observed that genotype proportion was dependent on gender and age of the patients. Genotype 1 and genotype 2 were more prevalent in females, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 were more prevalent in males. Genotype 1 in the older patients and genotype 3 in the younger patients were more prevalent. Conclusion: The majority of patients with HCV infection had genotype 1 (82.5%), followed by genotype 3, 2 and 4. Monitoring the change in HCV genotype distribution is critical for the development of effective strategies for HCV elimination.