THE EFFECTS OF THE TEACHERS' PROFESSIONALISM AND SELF-EFFICACY ON STEM EDUCATION

Abstract

The roles of the teachers' professionalism and self-efficacy have strategically increased on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education since the curriculum of the STEM education is much more sophisticated. For that reason, to improve STEM education, many high schools, particularly those of the well-organized ones, encourage the teachers' professionalism and self-efficacy. Although there are previous studies examined the teachers' professionalism and self-efficacy, the relationship between teachers' professionalism and self-efficacy and the success of the STEM education has not be critically analyzed yet. Indeed, to be successful in STEM education, the engagements of the teachers are systematically important.